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New Square, New York
New Square ((イディッシュ語:ניו סקווער), (ヘブライ語:שיכון סקווירא)) is an all-Hasidic village in the town of Ramapo, Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of Hillcrest, east of Viola, south of New Hempstead, and west of New City. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 6,944. Its inhabitants are predominantly members of the Skverer Hasidic movement who seek to maintain a Hasidic lifestyle disconnected from the secular world.
== History ==
New Square is named after the Ukrainian town ''Skvyra'', where the Skver Hasidim have their roots. The founders intended to name the settlement ''New Skvir'', but a typist-generated error anglicized the name. The village was established in 1954, when the Zemach David Corporation, representing the Skverer Rebbe, Yaakov Yosef Twersky, purchased a dairy farm near Spring Valley, New York. Construction began in 1956, and the first four families moved to New Square in December 1956 from the Williamsburg area of Brooklyn, New York City. In 1958 the settlement had 68 houses.
Ramapo's zoning regulations forbade the construction of multi-family houses and the use of basements for shops and stores. Families occupying single-family houses said that they belonged to extended family, and private businesses in private homes had to be secret. In 1961, when the community asked for a building permit to expand its synagogue, located in the basement of a Cape Cod-style house, the town attorney requested the condemnation of the entire New Square community, citing that it threatened sewage lines. In response, the community requested incorporation as a village, and in July 1961 New Square incorporated after the New York Supreme Court had ruled in favor of the village. After it incorporated, New Square set its own zoning and building codes, legalising the existing houses and the liens disappeared. Lots were sold, and new houses were built. The businesses in basements could sell openly, and new businesses were founded, including a watch assembly plant and a cap manufacturer. Three knitting mills and a used car lot opened, but most men continued to go to work in the city. A Kollel was opened in 1963. In 1968, the elder Skverer rebbe died and was succeeded by his son David Twersky.〔
Mates Friesel New Square's first Mayor, served in that office from 1961 until his death in 2015. He was first elected unopposed in the village's first mayoral election in 1961.〔 Friesel won re-election, without opposition, from 1961 to November 2013, his most recent mayoral campaign.〔 The mayor serves a two-year term.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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